Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms



E. S. ALLIN. BREBGH LOADING PIREARM.

N0.49,959. y Patented Sept. 19, 1865.

' acconipanyingjdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

' 'arms known as single-breech loaders using c the lrnetallic cartridge.

. a portion of niy gun nea-r the breech, showing .ot the recoil-block A. Fig. 4 shows the cannshaft inthe rear end of the recoil-block. Fig- A5 showsa section of the cartridge shell err'-` the barrel,thus preventing it from being lifted UNITED STATES l E; s. ALLINOF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.'

. IMPRQVEMENT IN `eFinance-.LoAnime. FIRE-Annie To ajwiiom it may concern:

- :Be it known that I, ERsKINE S. ALLIN,-of Springfield, Hampdencounty,Commonwealth ot' Massachusettghave vinvented'certain Improvements in FireArms; and I do hereby declaith'zt'the following isa' full and exact descriptin thereof, reference being had to the My inventionf'belongs to that"elas's of tire- I will first describe its construe-tion, and next its operation, and, inally, show solne ot' its advantages over others of the same class.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of it closed in the act of 'firing Fig. 2 is a side view of the same, showing the recoil-block A thereon up so as to admit the cartridge into the bore of the Ygun at B. Figisa rear view tractor. j Y

To the barrel G, I attach, `by means of theY fjointd, the recoil-block A, which swings inld, 4,arid when opened, as'shown in Fig. 2, exposes the rearend of the bore of the barrelto admit the cartridge, and when closed the part C cornpletely fills up the space between the end of .the cartridge and the breech-pin' c. It will be seenl that the part G of the barrel isy beveled, ahdthe part C of the block is also beveledto tit-in the place, so that when the block is down it forms a dovetail joint at the front end with out at the end, even though the pin ld be, removed. This. block A is also fastened at the rear end by the cam @turnedby the short lever F at the sidefthis'cam fitting into a recess cnt in the breech-pin b to receive it, thusy completely fastening in the'recoilblock A. The shaft h, in which the-cam c'turns, is raised up at C in form of a cranh', so as` to pass over the side ofthe barrel. Y'

I will now describe the construction ot' the cartridge-shell extractor.

To the recoil-block A, at N, I attach a part of a geur or pinion-formed by cutting several `Specitication forming part of Letters Patent No. @9,959, datedv September 19,1865.

I will now describe the operation of' my invention.

We will suppose the gunffired and the shell ofthe metallic cartridger remaining in it. It is desired to remove the shellto allow another cartridge to be placed in thefbore at B. The

-gnh being cocked, the piece A is raised by turnl -ing the leverfnp, thus releasing the rear end piece. A israised up, the notch s in it acts on the spring-tooth s, and carries forward the rack i M, so that the gear-teeth n c, Src., may catch in the rack and draw back the shell-extractor: This (the shell-extractor) is arranged as shown vin Fig.5, the part t ittin g behind the rim of the cartridge-shell, and as it is `nnoved back takes the shell along With it. As the block A is raised farther the last tooth of the pinion slips off from the rack and the spring s pulls thel rack forward to its former position.l

I' wish to call particular attention 'to the ar- .rangement for throwing the pinion n into gear with the rack M. This is accomplished by means of the springtooth S, which springs into the notch s, and as the block A-is raised againf the rack is drawn forward into gear'with the pinion, as before described., The block A be- 'ing raised,- as shown in Fig. 2, a cartridge isj inserted into the bore of-thefgum It will be seen that it isnot necessaryI that the ,cartridge l should be'pressed up 'entirely to itis place, as

the part C of A in coming down will forcer-itI into its place, even though the end of it should be half an inch back from its `proper position;-

As the part G of A comes down it forces in the cartridge and the front end blocks at C, as before described, and the lever j' is turned down. This brings thejcamc into the recess g in b,- .thus holding A securely in its place. It' by any accident the lever f should not be turned down, it is impossible to re the gun, for vthe ,hammerVin coming down will strike the projction in f and'throw it up againstA, as shown `in Fig. 3, thus eltectually preventing thev hainmer from striking the pin U, which communicates with the cartridge, as shown in Fig. 1; or, if f should be turned down part wayand d firing, 'as-'before described.

., of-order. -v

not entirely,thehammern comin g down strikes over the projections w and forces it to its place, locking A.

I willnow state somepotv the advantages of this arrangement.-

First. It is very veasy of operation, it being only necessary to cock the gun, raise A, which removes the shell, and insert a cartridge and close A, and it isready for tiring.,

l Second. 1t is impossible to blow the pieceA open, it being fastened in at each en d, as described. It will lessen the danger, in this connection, that it does not depend at all uponl the pin d,^as ,this`ma v be. taken Iout without ',rendefngthe gun useless or dangerous, as a scribed, which saves much care and attention in loading and tiring rapidiy.-4 -4 n Fifth. 'It-is verysimple, compact, and posi tive inlits movements, and not-liable to geteilt -any of .its parts.

signi. It is particularly adapted tothe s1- teraton of the Springfield rifie-musket', (or any' other,) as it. can be done without changing the feature of the-musketor without throwingaway recess in the breech screw, and modify the hammer. All other parts remain the same. Now', having described my invention, what I claim as new', and desire to'securelby Letters v.

Patent, is-

n 1. The .combination of a solid recoit-block, A, with a pinion,N, and rack M, the first tooth, ls, of which is hung on a spring ,in the manner and for-.the purpose described.

2. llieveling the front end ot' therecoil-block at c' and forming a corresponding bevel, c.

Aon the barrel, as and for the purpose described.'

c 3. The projection aj, in combination with the leverfand' hanimrfV,"slibstantiallyini thev .manner and for the purpose described. A s. Antin.' j

.l Witnesses: .l

` v MILTON BaADLEY,

f J.B. GAeDnvER;

Ali that is necessary is toy cutaway the barrel on the topy at the breech and add the part A and shelipulley, cut the` 

